黨的十九大提出，保持土地承包關系穩定并長久不變，第二輪土地承包到期后再延長三十年。為充分保障農民土地承包權益，進一步完善農村土地承包經營制度，推進實施鄉村振興戰略，現就保持農村土地（指承包耕地）承包關系穩定并長久不變（以下簡稱“長久不變”）提出如下意見。
一、重要意義
自實(shi)行(xing)家庭承包(bao)經營以來(lai)，黨中(zhong)央(yang)、國務院一直堅持穩定農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)地承包(bao)關(guan)系的方(fang)針政策(ce)，先后兩次延長承包(bao)期(qi)限，不(bu)斷(duan)健全相關(guan)制度體系，依(yi)法(fa)維(wei)護農(nong)民承包(bao)土(tu)地的各(ge)項(xiang)權利。在中(zhong)國特色社會主義進入新時代的關(guan)鍵時期(qi)，黨中(zhong)央(yang)提(ti)出保持土(tu)地承包(bao)關(guan)系穩定并長久不(bu)變，是對黨的農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)地政策(ce)的繼承和(he)發展，意義重大、影(ying)響深遠。
（一）實(shi)行“長久不(bu)變”有(you)利于鞏固和(he)完(wan)善(shan)農村(cun)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)經(jing)營制(zhi)度(du)。在農村(cun)實(shi)行以家(jia)庭承包(bao)經(jing)營為(wei)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)、統分結合(he)的(de)雙層經(jing)營體制(zhi)，是改革開放的(de)重大成果(guo)，是農村(cun)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)經(jing)營制(zhi)度(du)。這一制(zhi)度(du)符合(he)我國國情和(he)農業生產特點，具有(you)廣泛適應性和(he)強大生命力。承包(bao)關(guan)系穩定，有(you)利于增(zeng)強農民(min)發(fa)展(zhan)生產的(de)信心、保障(zhang)農村(cun)長治久安。實(shi)行“長久不(bu)變”，順(shun)應了(le)農民(min)愿望，將為(wei)鞏固農村(cun)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)經(jing)營制(zhi)度(du)奠定更(geng)為(wei)堅(jian)實(shi)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)，展(zhan)現(xian)持久制(zhi)度(du)活力。
（二(er)）實行(xing)“長(chang)(chang)久不(bu)變”有利(li)于促(cu)進中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色(se)現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。土地承(cheng)包(bao)關(guan)系是農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村生產(chan)關(guan)系的集中(zhong)體現(xian)，需要適應生產(chan)力發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的要求不(bu)斷鞏固(gu)完善。改革開放初期(qi)實行(xing)家庭(ting)聯產(chan)承(cheng)包(bao)制，成功解(jie)決(jue)了億萬(wan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民的溫飽(bao)問題。隨著工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)、城鎮化(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村勞動力大(da)量(liang)轉(zhuan)移，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)物質(zhi)裝備(bei)水平(ping)大(da)幅提(ti)升，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)規(gui)模擴(kuo)大(da)成為可能。實行(xing)“長(chang)(chang)久不(bu)變”，促(cu)進形(xing)成農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村土地“三權(quan)”分置(zhi)格局，穩定承(cheng)包(bao)權(quan)，維護廣大(da)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶的承(cheng)包(bao)權(quan)益，放活經(jing)營(ying)權(quan)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮(hui)新型農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)主體引領作用，有利(li)于實現(xian)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶和現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展有機(ji)銜接，有利(li)于發(fa)(fa)(fa)展多(duo)種形(xing)式適度規(gui)模經(jing)營(ying)，推進中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色(se)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)現(xian)代化(hua)。
（三(san)）實(shi)行(xing)“長久不(bu)變”有利于(yu)(yu)推動實(shi)施鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興(xing)戰(zhan)略。當(dang)前，我國發展不(bu)平(ping)衡不(bu)充分問題在(zai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)最為(wei)突出(chu)。實(shi)施鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興(xing)戰(zhan)略是決勝全(quan)面建(jian)成小康社(she)會、全(quan)面建(jian)設社(she)會主義現代化(hua)國家的重大歷史任務。改革是鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)全(quan)面振興(xing)的法寶。推動鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)全(quan)面振興(xing)，必須(xu)以完(wan)善產權制(zhi)度(du)(du)和要素(su)市(shi)場化(hua)配置(zhi)為(wei)重點，強(qiang)化(hua)制(zhi)度(du)(du)性供(gong)給。實(shi)行(xing)“長久不(bu)變”，完(wan)善承(cheng)包(bao)經營制(zhi)度(du)(du)，有利于(yu)(yu)強(qiang)化(hua)農戶土地承(cheng)包(bao)權益保(bao)護，有利于(yu)(yu)推進農村(cun)(cun)土地資源優化(hua)配置(zhi)，有利于(yu)(yu)激(ji)(ji)活(huo)(huo)主體、激(ji)(ji)活(huo)(huo)要素(su)、激(ji)(ji)活(huo)(huo)市(shi)場，為(wei)實(shi)現鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興(xing)提(ti)供(gong)更加有力的制(zhi)度(du)(du)保(bao)障(zhang)。
（四(si)）實行(xing)“長久(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)變”有利(li)于(yu)保持(chi)農(nong)(nong)村社會和(he)諧(xie)穩定(ding)。土地(di)(di)問題(ti)貫穿農(nong)(nong)村改革全過程，涉及億(yi)萬農(nong)(nong)民切身(shen)利(li)益(yi)，平(ping)衡好各方土地(di)(di)權(quan)益(yi)，是黨的(de)(de)(de)執(zhi)政(zheng)能力和(he)國家治理水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)體(ti)(ti)現。實行(xing)“長久(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)變”，進一(yi)步明晰集(ji)體(ti)(ti)與(yu)農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)、農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)、農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)新型(xing)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)經營主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)之間在承包土地(di)(di)上的(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)義(yi)務關系，有利(li)于(yu)發揮社會主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)集(ji)體(ti)(ti)經濟的(de)(de)(de)優越(yue)性，通過起點公(gong)平(ping)、機會公(gong)平(ping)，合理調節(jie)利(li)益(yi)關系，消除(chu)土地(di)(di)糾(jiu)紛隱(yin)患，促進社會公(gong)平(ping)正義(yi)，進一(yi)步鞏(gong)固黨在農(nong)(nong)村的(de)(de)(de)執(zhi)政(zheng)基礎(chu)。
二、總體(ti)要求
（一(yi)）指導思想。以習近(jin)平(ping)新時代(dai)中(zhong)國特色(se)社(she)會主義思想為(wei)指導，全(quan)面(mian)貫(guan)徹黨的(de)十九大和十九屆二中(zhong)、三中(zhong)全(quan)會精(jing)神，認(ren)真(zhen)落實黨中(zhong)央、國務院(yuan)決策部署，緊緊圍繞(rao)統籌推進(jin)“五位一(yi)體”總體布(bu)局和協調推進(jin)“四個(ge)全(quan)面(mian)”戰(zhan)略(lve)布(bu)局，牢(lao)固樹立和貫(guan)徹落實新發展理(li)念，緊扣處理(li)好農民(min)(min)和土地(di)關(guan)系這一(yi)主線，堅(jian)持農戶(hu)家(jia)庭承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)經(jing)營，堅(jian)持承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)關(guan)系長久穩定，賦予(yu)農民(min)(min)更加充分而有保障的(de)土地(di)權利(li)，鞏(gong)固和完善農村(cun)基(ji)本(ben)經(jing)營制度，為(wei)提高農業農村(cun)現代(dai)化水平(ping)、推動鄉村(cun)全(quan)面(mian)振興、保持社(she)會和諧穩定奠定制度基(ji)礎(chu)。
（二）基本(ben)原(yuan)則
——穩定(ding)基(ji)本(ben)經(jing)(jing)營制度。堅(jian)持農(nong)村土(tu)地(di)(di)農(nong)民(min)集體(ti)所有(you)，確(que)保集體(ti)經(jing)(jing)濟組織成(cheng)員平等享有(you)土(tu)地(di)(di)權(quan)益(yi)，不斷探(tan)索具體(ti)實現形式，不搞土(tu)地(di)(di)私有(you)化；堅(jian)持家庭承(cheng)包(bao)經(jing)(jing)營基(ji)礎性地(di)(di)位(wei)，不論經(jing)(jing)營權(quan)如何(he)流轉(zhuan)，不論新型農(nong)業經(jing)(jing)營主體(ti)如何(he)發展，都不能(neng)動(dong)搖農(nong)民(min)家庭土(tu)地(di)(di)承(cheng)包(bao)地(di)(di)位(wei)、侵(qin)害農(nong)民(min)承(cheng)包(bao)權(quan)益(yi)。
——尊重農(nong)民主(zhu)體(ti)地位。尊重農(nong)民意愿，把選(xuan)擇(ze)權交(jiao)給農(nong)民，依靠農(nong)民解決(jue)好自(zi)己(ji)最關(guan)心最現實(shi)的利益問題(ti)；尊重農(nong)民首(shou)創精(jing)神(shen)，充分發揮其主(zhu)動性和創造(zao)性，凝聚廣(guang)大(da)農(nong)民智(zhi)慧和力量，破(po)解改革創新中的難題(ti)；加(jia)強示范引(yin)導(dao)，允許農(nong)民集(ji)體(ti)在法律政(zheng)策范圍內通過(guo)民主(zhu)協商自(zi)主(zhu)調節利益關(guan)系。
——推(tui)進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)現代化。順應新形勢(shi)完(wan)善生產關系(xi)，立足建(jian)設現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)、實現鄉村(cun)振興，引(yin)導土地經營(ying)(ying)權有序流(liu)轉(zhuan)，提高土地資源利用效率，形成多(duo)種形式農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)適度規(gui)模(mo)經營(ying)(ying)，既(ji)解決好(hao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)問題(ti)也解決好(hao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)問題(ti)，既(ji)重視(shi)新型農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經營(ying)(ying)主體也不忽視(shi)普通(tong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶，走(zou)出一條中國特色(se)社會主義鄉村(cun)振興道路。
——維護(hu)農(nong)村(cun)社會穩定。以(yi)農(nong)村(cun)社會穩定為(wei)前(qian)提，穩慎有(you)序(xu)實施，尊(zun)重(zhong)歷史、照顧現實、前(qian)后(hou)銜(xian)接、平穩過渡，不(bu)(bu)搞強迫命令(ling)；從各地實際出發，統籌考慮(lv)、綜合平衡、因地制宜、分類施策(ce)，不(bu)(bu)搞一刀切；保持歷史耐(nai)心，循序(xu)漸進(jin)、步步為(wei)營，既解決好當前(qian)矛盾又(you)為(wei)未來留(liu)有(you)空間。
三、準確把(ba)握“長(chang)久(jiu)不變”政策內涵
（一）保(bao)持土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)集體(ti)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)、家(jia)庭承(cheng)包經(jing)營(ying)的(de)基本制度長久(jiu)不(bu)(bu)變(bian)。農(nong)(nong)村土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)集體(ti)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)、家(jia)庭承(cheng)包經(jing)營(ying)的(de)基本制度有(you)(you)(you)(you)利于調動集體(ti)和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)民積極性，對保(bao)障(zhang)國家(jia)糧(liang)食安全和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)產品有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)供(gong)給具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)重要作用，必(bi)須毫不(bu)(bu)動搖地(di)(di)(di)長久(jiu)堅(jian)持，確保(bao)農(nong)(nong)民集體(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)行使集體(ti)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)權、集體(ti)成(cheng)員平(ping)等享(xiang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)承(cheng)包權。要從(cong)我國經(jing)濟社會(hui)發(fa)展(zhan)階段和(he)(he)各地(di)(di)(di)發(fa)展(zhan)不(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡的(de)實際出發(fa)，積極探索和(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)斷豐(feng)富集體(ti)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)、家(jia)庭承(cheng)包經(jing)營(ying)的(de)具(ju)體(ti)實現形式，不(bu)(bu)斷推進(jin)農(nong)(nong)村基本經(jing)營(ying)制度完善和(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)。
（二(er)）保(bao)持農(nong)戶依法(fa)(fa)承包(bao)(bao)集體土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)基本權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)長(chang)久不(bu)(bu)變。家庭(ting)經營在農(nong)業生產經營中居于基礎性地(di)(di)(di)位，要(yao)長(chang)久保(bao)障和實現農(nong)戶依法(fa)(fa)承包(bao)(bao)集體土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)基本權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)。農(nong)村集體經濟組(zu)織成員有權(quan)(quan)(quan)依法(fa)(fa)承包(bao)(bao)集體土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)，任何組(zu)織和個人都不(bu)(bu)能(neng)剝奪和非法(fa)(fa)限(xian)制。同時，要(yao)根(gen)據時代發(fa)展需要(yao)，不(bu)(bu)斷強化對土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)承包(bao)(bao)權(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)物權(quan)(quan)(quan)保(bao)護，依法(fa)(fa)保(bao)障農(nong)民對承包(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)(di)占有、使(shi)用、收益、流轉及承包(bao)(bao)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)經營權(quan)(quan)(quan)抵(di)押、擔保(bao)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)，不(bu)(bu)斷賦予其更(geng)加完(wan)善的(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)(quan)能(neng)。
（三(san)）保持(chi)農戶承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)地穩定。農民(min)家(jia)庭是土地承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)經(jing)營的法(fa)定主體(ti)，農村集體(ti)土地由集體(ti)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)組織(zhi)內(nei)農民(min)家(jia)庭承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)，家(jia)庭成員依法(fa)平等享有承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)土地的各項權益。農戶承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)地要保持(chi)穩定，發包(bao)方及其(qi)他經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)組織(zhi)和個(ge)人不得違法(fa)調整。鼓勵承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)農戶增加投入，保護和提(ti)升地力。各地可在(zai)農民(min)自(zi)愿前提(ti)下結合(he)農田(tian)基本建設，組織(zhi)開(kai)展(zhan)互換(huan)并地，發展(zhan)連(lian)片種植。支(zhi)持(chi)新型農業經(jing)營主體(ti)通(tong)過流轉農戶承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)地進行農田(tian)整理(li)，提(ti)升農業綜(zong)合(he)生(sheng)產能力。
四、穩妥推進“長久(jiu)不變”實施
（一）穩定(ding)土地承(cheng)包關系(xi)。第二輪土地承(cheng)包到期后應堅持延包原則，不(bu)得將承(cheng)包地打亂重分，確保絕大多(duo)數(shu)農戶(hu)原有(you)承(cheng)包地繼續保持穩定(ding)。對(dui)少數(shu)存在(zai)承(cheng)包地因自然災害毀損(sun)等特(te)殊情形且群(qun)眾普遍要求調地的(de)村(cun)(cun)組，屆時可(ke)按照大穩定(ding)、小調整(zheng)的(de)原則，由農民(min)集體民(min)主協商，經本集體經濟組織成(cheng)員的(de)村(cun)(cun)民(min)會議三(san)分之二以上成(cheng)員或者三(san)分之二以上村(cun)(cun)民(min)代表同(tong)意，并報鄉（鎮）政(zheng)府(fu)和(he)縣級政(zheng)府(fu)農業等行(xing)政(zheng)主管部門批準，可(ke)在(zai)個別農戶(hu)間作適當調整(zheng)，但要依(yi)法(fa)依(yi)規從嚴(yan)掌握。
（二(er)）第(di)二(er)輪(lun)土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)到期(qi)后再延(yan)長(chang)(chang)三(san)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)。土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)期(qi)再延(yan)長(chang)(chang)三(san)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)，使農村土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)關系從第(di)一(yi)輪(lun)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)開始保持穩定長(chang)(chang)達(da)七十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)，是實行“長(chang)(chang)久(jiu)不(bu)變”的(de)(de)重大舉措。現有承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)在(zai)第(di)二(er)輪(lun)土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)到期(qi)后由農戶(hu)繼續承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)期(qi)再延(yan)長(chang)(chang)三(san)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)，以(yi)各地(di)(di)第(di)二(er)輪(lun)土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)到期(qi)為(wei)(wei)起點計算。以(yi)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)確權登記頒(ban)證(zheng)(zheng)為(wei)(wei)基礎，已頒(ban)發(fa)的(de)(de)土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)權利(li)證(zheng)(zheng)書，在(zai)新的(de)(de)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)期(qi)繼續有效且(qie)不(bu)變不(bu)換，證(zheng)(zheng)書記載的(de)(de)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)期(qi)限屆時作統一(yi)變更(geng)。對個別調地(di)(di)的(de)(de)，在(zai)合(he)同、登記簿和證(zheng)(zheng)書上作相應變更(geng)處理(li)。
（三）繼(ji)(ji)續提(ti)倡“增(zeng)人不增(zeng)地、減人不減地”。為避免(mian)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)地的(de)(de)頻繁(fan)變(bian)動(dong)，防(fang)止耕地經營(ying)規(gui)模不斷細分，進入新的(de)(de)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)期后，因承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)方(fang)家庭(ting)人口增(zeng)加、缺地少地導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)生活困(kun)難的(de)(de)，要幫助(zhu)其(qi)提(ti)高就(jiu)業(ye)技能(neng)，提(ti)供就(jiu)業(ye)服務(wu)，做(zuo)好社會保障(zhang)工作。因家庭(ting)成員全部死亡而導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)方(fang)消亡的(de)(de)，發包(bao)(bao)方(fang)應(ying)當依法(fa)收回承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)地，另行發包(bao)(bao)。通過(guo)家庭(ting)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)取得土地承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)權(quan)的(de)(de)，承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)方(fang)應(ying)得的(de)(de)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)收益(yi)，依照繼(ji)(ji)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)法(fa)的(de)(de)規(gui)定繼(ji)(ji)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。
（四(si)）建立健全土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)權依法(fa)自愿有償(chang)轉讓機(ji)制。維護進(jin)城農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)權益(yi)，現階段(duan)不得以退出(chu)土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)權作為(wei)農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)進(jin)城落(luo)戶(hu)的條件(jian)。對承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)進(jin)城落(luo)戶(hu)的，引導支持其按照(zhao)自愿有償(chang)原則依法(fa)在本集體經(jing)濟組織(zhi)內轉讓土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)權或(huo)將承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)退還集體經(jing)濟組織(zhi)，也可(ke)(ke)鼓勵其多種(zhong)形式流轉承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)經(jing)營權。對長期(qi)棄(qi)耕(geng)拋荒承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)的，發包(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)可(ke)(ke)以依法(fa)采取(qu)措施防止和糾正棄(qi)耕(geng)拋荒行為(wei)。
五、切(qie)實做好(hao)“長(chang)久不變(bian)”基礎工作
（一）做好(hao)承(cheng)(cheng)包地確(que)權(quan)(quan)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)頒(ban)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。承(cheng)(cheng)包地確(que)權(quan)(quan)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)頒(ban)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)是穩定(ding)農村土地承(cheng)(cheng)包關系的(de)(de)重(zhong)大舉措，也是落(luo)實(shi)“長(chang)久(jiu)不(bu)變”的(de)(de)重(zhong)要前(qian)提(ti)和基(ji)(ji)本依據。在2018年年底前(qian)基(ji)(ji)本完(wan)成確(que)權(quan)(quan)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)頒(ban)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎上，繼續做好(hao)收尾工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)、化(hua)解遺留問題，健(jian)全(quan)承(cheng)(cheng)包合(he)同(tong)取(qu)得權(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)、登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)記(ji)(ji)載權(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)、證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)明權(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)的(de)(de)確(que)權(quan)(quan)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)制度，并做好(hao)與不(bu)動產(chan)統(tong)一登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)銜接(jie)，賦予農民更(geng)有保障的(de)(de)土地承(cheng)(cheng)包權(quan)(quan)益，為(wei)實(shi)行“長(chang)久(jiu)不(bu)變”奠(dian)定(ding)堅實(shi)基(ji)(ji)礎。
（二）完(wan)善落實農(nong)(nong)村土地(di)(di)(di)所有權(quan)(quan)、承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)權(quan)(quan)、經(jing)(jing)營權(quan)(quan)“三權(quan)(quan)”分(fen)(fen)置(zhi)政策體系。不(bu)斷探(tan)索農(nong)(nong)村土地(di)(di)(di)集體所有制的(de)有效(xiao)實現形式(shi)，充分(fen)(fen)發揮所有權(quan)(quan)、承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)權(quan)(quan)、經(jing)(jing)營權(quan)(quan)的(de)各自功能(neng)和整(zheng)體效(xiao)用，形成層次(ci)分(fen)(fen)明、結構(gou)合(he)理、平(ping)等保護的(de)格局。深入研(yan)究(jiu)農(nong)(nong)民集體和承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)在承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)(di)上、承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)和經(jing)(jing)營主體在土地(di)(di)(di)流轉中(zhong)的(de)權(quan)(quan)利邊界及相(xiang)互權(quan)(quan)利關(guan)系等問題，充分(fen)(fen)維(wei)護農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)各項(xiang)權(quan)(quan)能(neng)。完(wan)善土地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營權(quan)(quan)流轉市(shi)場，健全土地(di)(di)(di)流轉規(gui)范管理制度，探(tan)索更多(duo)放活土地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營權(quan)(quan)的(de)有效(xiao)途(tu)徑。
（三）健(jian)(jian)全農村土地(di)承包相(xiang)關(guan)法律政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)。按照黨(dang)中央(yang)確(que)(que)定的政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，抓緊修改相(xiang)關(guan)法律，建立(li)健(jian)(jian)全實(shi)行(xing)“長久不變”、維護農戶土地(di)承包權(quan)益(yi)等方面的制度體系。在第二輪土地(di)承包到期(qi)前，中央(yang)農辦、農業農村部(bu)(bu)等部(bu)(bu)門應研究出(chu)臺配套政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，指導各地(di)明確(que)(que)第二輪土地(di)承包到期(qi)后(hou)延包的具體辦法，確(que)(que)保政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)銜(xian)接、平穩過(guo)渡。
（四）高度重視政(zheng)策(ce)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)引導工作。各地區(qu)各有關(guan)(guan)部(bu)門要(yao)加大宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)力度，各新聞媒體要(yao)積(ji)極發揮作用，做好“長久不變”政(zheng)策(ce)解讀和業務(wu)培訓(xun)，及時(shi)、充(chong)分、有針對(dui)性(xing)地發布信息，使(shi)廣大農民(min)和基(ji)層干部(bu)群(qun)眾全(quan)面(mian)準確了解黨和國家的(de)農村土(tu)地承包政(zheng)策(ce)。密切關(guan)(guan)注政(zheng)策(ce)落實中出(chu)現(xian)的(de)新情(qing)況新問題，積(ji)極應對(dui)、妥(tuo)善處理，重大問題要(yao)及時(shi)報告。
各(ge)(ge)省（自治(zhi)(zhi)區、直轄市）黨委和(he)政(zheng)府要(yao)充(chong)分認識實(shi)(shi)(shi)行“長(chang)(chang)(chang)久(jiu)不變(bian)”的(de)(de)重要(yao)性、系統性、長(chang)(chang)(chang)期性，按照黨中央(yang)、國務院要(yao)求(qiu)，切(qie)實(shi)(shi)(shi)加強領導，落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)，研究解(jie)決(jue)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行“長(chang)(chang)(chang)久(jiu)不變(bian)”的(de)(de)重點難點問題(ti)，保障“長(chang)(chang)(chang)久(jiu)不變(bian)”和(he)第(di)二輪土(tu)地(di)承包到期后再延(yan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)三十(shi)年政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)在(zai)本地(di)順利(li)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施。實(shi)(shi)(shi)行縣(xian)(xian)級黨委和(he)政(zheng)府負(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)制(zhi)，縣(xian)(xian)級要(yao)針對具體(ti)問題(ti)制(zhi)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)方案，結合本地(di)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際周密組織實(shi)(shi)(shi)施，確保“長(chang)(chang)(chang)久(jiu)不變(bian)”政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)、承包延(yan)期平穩過渡，保持農村社會和(he)諧(xie)穩定(ding)。各(ge)(ge)有關部門要(yao)按照職責(ze)(ze)(ze)分工(gong)(gong)，主動支持配合，形成工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)合力，健全齊抓共管的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)機制(zhi)，維護好(hao)、實(shi)(shi)(shi)現好(hao)農民承包土(tu)地(di)的(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)項權利(li)，保證農村長(chang)(chang)(chang)治(zhi)(zhi)久(jiu)安。
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